Big data

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Definition

Very large, fast-changing and varied sets of data that need special storage and processing, such as streaming or social media data.

Example: Streaming services handle huge volumes of viewing data.

Found in: syllabus, 2025 HSC marking guidelines, school notes.

Short version to memorise (key terms bank)

Huge, fast, varied data sets.

Where you'll use it in the test

Syllabus area: Y12 Programming for the Web.

Question types it can appear in

Short answer: Define, outline or explain it and tie it to the scenario.
Extended response: Use it as a supporting point linked to the stimulus.
Multiple choice: Pick the option that matches the definition or example.

Where it has appeared in the paper

Programming for the Web (Part A). Part letters follow each paper’s own layout.

How to use it

A model sentence

General advice, built from the definition and example above

“Very large, fast-changing and varied sets of data that need special storage and processing, such as streaming or social media data.” Then apply it: Streaming services handle huge volumes of viewing data.

In a short answer, give the definition in your own words first, then tie it to the situation in the question. Do not copy the example above unless it fits the scenario.

Command words used with it

From the linked past questions

Explain: Relate cause and effect; make the relationship between things evident; provide why and/or how. (2025 HSC Q18 (3 marks): Big data and web architecture)

Official worked answer

2025 HSC Q18 (3 marks): Big data and web architecture (3 marks): official criteria and sample answer

Criteria

3: Explains how metadata and data mining can be used to prevent technical difficulties during the broadcast. 2: Outlines how metadata AND/OR data mining can be used. 1: Identifies a feature of metadata or data mining.

Sample answer

Metadata describes the content, structure and meaning of raw data, enabling more effective, accurate and efficient data mining. Data mining identifies user preferences and viewing patterns from large datasets, helping streaming services personalise recommendations and identify times of predicted high demand. Streaming service management uses this along with real-time user data to balance server loads and deliver smooth playback experiences.

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Go deeper

Flashcard: Big data in Programming for the Web (Year 12) · study that set
Memorise: Effect of big data on web architecture: data mining, metadata, streaming
Key terms bank entry: Big data
Notes: Investigate the effect of big data on web architecture, including data mining, metadata,… (Programming for the Web (Year 12))
Notes: Effect of big data on web architecture: data mining, metadata, streaming (Programming for the Web (Year 12))
Notes: Web development system: front end, back end, databases (Programming for the Web (Year 12))
Full term page: every question, note and marking comment for Big data

Check yourself

Explain “Big data” in one sentence, give an example, and name a question type that could test it.

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