Software Engineering › Key terms › Y12 Programming for the Web › Shell commands (mkdir, cd, touch, cp, rm, cat, grep)
Shell commands (mkdir, cd, touch, cp, rm, cat, grep)
Code pattern Y12 Programming for the Web
Definition
Command line tools used in scripts: mkdir makes a directory, cd changes directory, touch creates a file, cp copies, rm removes, cat shows file contents, grep searches a text file for a pattern.
Example: grep "error" log.txt searches log.txt.
Found in: syllabus, school notes.
Where it is used in the test
Syllabus area: Y12 Programming for the Web.
Question types it can appear in
- Multiple choice: Pick the option that matches the definition or example.
- Code reading: Code or algorithm reading: interpret a fragment and state its output or purpose.
- Matching or table: Match it to its description, example or category.
- Fill in the blanks: Choose this term to complete a statement or table.
No past question in this bank is linked to this term yet. It can still be tested through the question types above.
Study links
- Flashcard: Shell commands (mkdir, cd, touch, cp, rm, cat, grep) in Programming for the Web (Year 12) · study that set
- Memorise: SQL vs ORM
How to use it in an answer
A model sentence
Code pattern: “Command line tools used in scripts: mkdir makes a directory, cd changes directory, touch creates a file, cp copies, rm removes, cat shows file contents, grep searches a text file for a pattern.” Then apply it: grep "error" log.txt searches log.txt.
In a short answer, give the definition in your own words first, then tie it to the situation in the question. Do not copy the example above unless it fits the scenario.
Technique for the question types
- Multiple choice: Read all four options, rule out wrong ones, pick one; no penalty for guessing so never leave blank.
- Matching or table: Tick or match each statement to the right column (for example ORM v SQL, SAST v DAST).
- Fill in the blanks: Choose the right word from a list; use exact syllabus terms.
Common mistakes
- Use the term exactly as the syllabus words it, then link it to the scenario in the question; the 2025 feedback repeatedly rewards using the stimulus.
- Answer the command word: outline gives main points only, explain gives a reason or cause, discuss gives both sides.
Related terms
Same group in the syllabus: SQL SELECT · SQL WHERE · SQL ORDER BY · SQL GROUP BY · SQL aggregate functions (COUNT, SUM, AVG) · SQL JOIN · SQL alias (AS) · SQL constraints · Primary key and foreign key · Object-relational mapping (ORM) · Service worker · Web app manifest · CRUD